Word: without
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...weeks before the Malta meeting, White House aides -- and Bush himself -- had been putting a damper on expectations. But the President was determined all the while to arrive with proposals that would interest the Soviets and encourage the success of their reforms without turning the meeting into a wholesale renegotiation of the postwar order. Such a deal would be futile in any case. At Yalta in 1945 the victorious Allies could draw lines at will upon war-ravaged Europe. Now the ability of both superpowers to dictate events has been sharply circumscribed...
...stood barefoot for three days in the snow outside the papal quarters in Canossa, Italy. Gorbachev's concordat with the church was no less significant in its way. But there was a crucial difference: as is so often the case with Gorbachev, he achieved his reconciliation without humiliation. As he had done before, the Soviet leader let the ongoing crisis of the Communist system serve as an opportunity to push his nation toward a broader vision of the future. "We need spiritual values," Gorbachev declared the day before the Vatican meeting. "We need a revolution of the mind...
...Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia that crushed the reforms of the Prague Spring. Earlier that day, the new Politburo of the Czechoslovak Communist Party branded the invasion as wrong. Asked at a Milan press conference what he thought about that, Gorbachev tiptoed toward an apology, though without going all the way. The Prague Spring was "an acceptable movement for democracy, renewal and humanization of society," he said. "It was right then and is right...
...could say that. But furthermore, to change policies you need a political majority. My political friends will confirm that I felt very much inspired by the ideas of Gorbachev, without thinking that the same changes had to be introduced here. We were and still are different countries. The essential thing is socialism with a human face combined with democracy. I am convinced that if we had opted for this course earlier, we would not have stumbled into the political crisis in which we find ourselves...
...public appeal against the use of violence. Although I was not empowered to do so by the office I held at the time, I told my political friends that their appeal was correct, and I encouraged them to act in such a way that everything would end without the use of force...