Word: worked
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Experiment. Faced with a breakdown of the discipline that made its communism work, Amana voted in 1932 to try capitalism. Land and shops were organized under a worker-owned corporation, which paid wages according to skill (up to $2 an hour now), sold the communal homes to members, let each family choose its own food, source of income, way of life. The new corporation, despite the Depression, promptly raised production of farm products, furniture and handmade textiles (1958 sales: $10 million). Profits replaced red ink the first year, rose to levels ($268,000 in 1958) that provided plow-back capital...
...drank cattle blood laced with urine. In periodic sport they swooped down on their Bantu neighbors, ramming seven-foot spears through the males and carrying off their women, who often did not seem to mind; the tall, aristocratic Masai were notable men, and Masai wives did not work...
...Masai into two tribes, one of 60,000 in Kenya, the other of 46,000 in Tanganyika. The Kenya Masai, both better protected by the colonial government and better behaved, found a chance to enjoy their former glories during the Mau Mau troubles, when the British put them to work tracking and killing Kikuyu terrorists. But in Tanganyika the Masai, disorganized and disfranchised, have been increasingly at the mercy of settlers encroaching on their grazing lands. Last week, as a long step toward doing something about it, the Masai installed Edward Boniface Mbarnoti as the first chief in history with...
...Central Asian steppes seem to have learned their lesson. In the bustling streets of modern Tashkent and the redolent, mud-walled courtyards of Samarkand (pop. 170,000), short, moonfaced Uzbeks with golden skin and embroidered skullcaps no longer call the Russians hated koperlar (infidels). The commissars have done their work well. This summer hundreds of tourists, many of them Americans, flying southeast from Moscow in swift TU-IO4 jets that make the 2,500-mile trip to Tashkent in four hours, have been rewarded with satisfying peeks at these ancient cities, set like "green jewels on a withered hand...
...Turkestan. Until the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917, local emirs continued to rule, and Mohammedanism was not interfered with. Rebelling against the feudal lords, Moslem intellectuals helped the Reds win control in a savage civil war that lasted until 1924. After it was over, Stalin set to work with calculated savagery to Russianize and communize the area. Tribal groups were broken up and nomads forced into collectives. In ten years, uncounted millions died from starvation or were killed. Then the Soviets turned to extirpating Moslem religion and culture. Hundreds of mosques were closed, mullahs by the score were arrested, their schools...