Word: workers
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...roads. Meanwhile, tax reform is long overdue: a typical tax bill for a French factory employee who earned $10,000 last year would be $756, compared with $291 for a physician or other professional person, $260 for a shopkeeper and nothing at all for a farmer. Thus the French worker has come to expect little from a capitalist, conservative society, and he puts all his faith on changing France's form of government...
Henry Kissinger's reputation as the miracle worker of the Middle East underwent perhaps its toughest test last week. The Palestinian attack on Ma'alot and the Israeli reprisal raids on Lebanon (TIME, May 27) had appeared to wreck chances for a disengagement agreement between Syria and Israel. Only a few days after those tragedies, however, the U.S. Secretary of State reported "substantial agreement in form and content" as talks went on. But nailing down that agreement, in a stepped-up round of shuttle flights between Jerusalem and Damascus, proved to be an exhausting and frustrating chore...
...work and need tight supervision. Yet experiments in rotating assignments and granting more on-the-job autonomy to employees have increased output at Procter & Gamble, IBM and AT&T, among many other firms. At Motorola, portable beepers for paging doctors and others are no longer assembled on lines; one worker gets the satisfaction of putting the whole unit together. At Kaiser Aluminum's plant in Ravenswood, W. Va., maintenance costs and tardiness fell after the company removed time clocks and permitted workers to supervise themselves and decide what machines to service and when...
Quality of Work. The biggest drag on overall productivity advances is not in manufacturing but in the service field, which employs more than 60% of the nation's workers and is hard to automate. Simply measuring-much less improving-the productivity of policemen, pilots, teachers or symphony conductors is far tougher than assessing the output of an assembly-line worker. Even so, adept use of computers has raised productivity in such fields as medicine and sales management...
...Jackson Grayson Jr., once head of the Price Commission, suggests that some new productivity formula should be devised that takes more into account the quality as well as the volume of a worker's output. The Government, Grayson argues, should follow the lead of Japan, West Germany and Israel, which have productivity institutes to measure the efficiency of industries, develop new management methods and counsel business. Yet the U.S. Government has moved in precisely the opposite direction. The less than adequate National Commission on Productivity was downgraded last year to an Office of Productivity, and its staff and appropriations...