Word: x
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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PATRICK F. X. BRENNAN Yonkers...
...BECAUSE the X-ray machine can penetrate the surface of a painting without doing any damage, it has long been an indispensable tool for art historians. Layers of paint on canvas (including the liberal amounts of white lead used by old masters to lighten their pigments) absorb X rays in varying amounts, thus producing on a negative a revealing shadowgraph. To the trained art scholar's eye, an X ray of a painting can often reveal its whole history, from the first unseen priming coat the artist put on the canvas, through the artist's corrections and overpainting...
...famous painting of his mistress, Young Woman Powdering. Chicago Art Institute Director Daniel Catton Rich and Painting Conservator Louis Pomerantz, taking advantage of the loan of the painting from London's Courtauld Institute for the Chicago Seurat show (TIME, Jan. 20), decided to test the legend by X ray. To their delight, they found beneath the paint the blurred outline of a man's head. The discovery tended to confirm the tale that Seurat had painted it over after a friend had pointed out that it would be in dubious taste...
...announced in London that it had found an answer to an older puzzle. Among the paintings owned by Queen Elizabeth is one attributed to Titian, titled Titian and Friend. For generations scholars have been troubled by the disturbing blank area at the right of the painting. Placing it under X ray, the London institute discovered a long-suspected third figure, a man younger than the others. Experts have guessed that Titian's first friend was Venetian Grand Chancellor Andrea dei Franceschi, but Friend No. 2, and the reasons why he was brushed out, are unknown...
MISSILE MERGER will bring together Reaction Motors, Inc. and Thiokol Chemical Corp., two of industry's fastest-rising pioneers. In $7,200,000 stock exchange, Thiokol, which specializes in solid-fuel engines for Nike-Hercules, La Crosse and Lockheed X-17 missiles, will absorb Reaction, a leader in liquid-fueled engines...