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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...X rays showed a second major difference between the Andrews and Brodie twins. There is a bony process between the girls' brainpans, suggesting that they may have entirely distinct nervous systems and bloodstreams. If so, separating them should be far easier than with the Brodies, of whom only Rodney Dee survived. But doctors still could not be sure that the girls did not share a single sagittal sinus (a major vein returning blood from the top of the brain toward the heart). It was this defect that proved fatal to Roger Lee Brodie. Before surgery is attempted, the twins...
...medical science an answer to the increase of lung cancer? Some doctors have urged wholesale chest X rays of the population at large, and especially of men over 45. But last week the American Roentgen Ray Society heard a vigorous dissent...
Stanford University's Dr. Leo H. Garland reported that unselected screening has turned up only an average of ten cases of lung cancer for every 100,000 persons examined, and he calculated that X rays taken every six months of men over 45 would show 50 cases per 100,000. There are 22 million men in that age group in the U.S., and each year they would need at least 44 million minifilms (35-mm.), plus 1,000,000 larger films for checking suspected cases...
Many of his colleagues thought that Dr. Garland was unduly pessimistic. Some mass X-ray surveys, they argued, have turned up much higher percentages of lung-cancer cases than those he cited. By improving their techniques, some doctors hope to do an even better job of detection. Washington's Dr. Edgar W. Davis suggested one improvement-X-ray specialists should realize that half of the tumorlike masses which appear benign on the plate are actually malignant, so that the rule should be: when in doubt, operate as early as possible...
...that the picture was altogether dry, the possibility occurred, for the first time, of scraping it down to what Leonardo himself had painted. X rays are useless with frescoes, so no one knew quite what the result would be. but after bitter controversy, a brilliant restorer named Mauro Pelliccioli was commissioned to attack the picture with a surgeon's scalpel (TIME, May 4, 1953). The job took him three years and is now at last finished. The completely cleaned painting is reproduced, for the first time anywhere, on the following pages...