Word: xenon
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...course of his research at CfA, Ronald L. Walsworth and his team have developed a xenon gas laser polarization technique that may enhance the capabilities...
...very short distances, electrons can traverse the gap between the tip and the surface, a phenomenon known as tunneling. This generates a tiny current that can be used to move atoms and molecules around with pinpoint precision. Thus last year physicists from IBM's Almaden Research Center manipulated 35 xenon atoms on a nickel surface to spell out their company's logo. They have also fashioned seven atoms into a minuscule beaker in which they can observe chemical reactions at an atomic level, and they devised a working version of a single-atom electronic switch that, in theory, could replace...
Smallest Advertisement Using a powerful microscope, IBM researchers lined up individual xenon atoms to spell out the company's initials. That clever display of know-how got magnified pictures of the minuscule logo into newspapers all over the world -- for free...
...near absolute zero, researchers Donald Eigler and Erhard Schweizer were able to get individual atoms to respond to the magnet-like tug of a fine tungsten needle. But don't expect to see atom-etching booths at your local science fair. It took 22 hours to haul 35 xenon atoms across the bumpy nickel surface. And when the temperature rose above -380 degrees F, the masterpiece flew apart...