Word: xeroxing
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Commercial warfare erupted last week between two technological titans. International Business Machines Corp. invaded the $1.5 billion-a-year office-copier market by bringing out a machine remarkably similar to a couple made by Xerox Corp., which has long dominated the field. The venture is IBM's most ambitious foray into a new market in the decade since Thomas Watson Jr. took over as chairman. Xerox countered with a lawsuit charging 22 patent infringements and asking a federal district court in Manhattan to prevent IBM from selling its new product...
...Denying Xerox's accusations, Bart M. Stevens, president of IBM's office-products division, said that the new copier uses a "specially developed photoconductor" that IBM patented in 1965. The 40-in.-high model can churn out letter-or legal-size copies at a 600-per-hour rate from a roll of plain white paper. It sells for $19,200 or rents for $200 a month plus 2.3? per copy...
That is considerably more expensive than the machines with which it will compete most directly: Xerox's "660" series, which can produce 660 copies per hour on ordinary paper and sells for $5,500. The Xerox 660-1 model rents for $60 a month plus 4½? per copy, and the Xerox 660-3 rents for $100 a month plus 2? to 4½? per copy, depending on the quantity actually made. Like other Xerox models, the 660s depend on a patented process called xerography (from the Greek, meaning dry writing), which uses light and heat to transfer images...
...suit, Xerox said that it had twice refused IBM's request for a license to produce xerographic office copiers. But IBM is licensed to use Xerox processes for computer equipment. The suit accused IBM of using trade secrets provided under that agreement to produce its new office copier. In IBM's process, an image of the original document is picked up by a photoconductive drum. A toner powder, mixed with developer fluid, cascades over the drum, which then transfers the image electrostatically onto the copying paper...
...costly luxury. They tend to have young managers and are located near university centers or in communities that have a tradition of liberalism. They are also growing faster than established companies and offer more rapid promotion. In the eyes of many black management recruiters, IBM rates highest. Polaroid, Xerox, Control Data and Honeywell also offer considerable opportunities for blacks, as do many food, liquor and clothing companies, which make products that blacks buy in large quantities. The fewest opportunities are generally in big, old industries that have a record of political conservatism. Among them: steel, paper, airlines and railroads...