Word: yaobang
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...state-run enterprises, which need talented help desperately, most college graduates would opt for private-sector jobs that offer more money, greater opportunities for advancement and the chance to travel abroad. But the government's about-face last April, combined with the death two days later of Hu Yaobang, the reform-minded Communist Party Chairman ousted in early 1987, contributed to the student demonstrations that culminated in the Tiananmen massacre on June...
...General Secretary Zhao Ziyang. In a report read by Premier Li, Zhao was $ accused of holding "unshirkable responsibilities for the shaping of the turmoil" of the past two months. Zhao was also stripped of his other official posts, making his disgrace more complete than that of his predecessor Hu Yaobang, who was allowed to remain on the Central Committee following unrest in 1987. Named new General Secretary was Jiang Zemin, 62, a member of the ruling Polituburo and party head of Shanghai. Though regarded as more technician than ideologue, he tends to side with the conservatives, who have clearly...
...past several years the Communist Party has been facing the question of who will ultimately replace Deng. He complicated the problem by purging his own chosen heir, the reform-minded party General Secretary Hu Yaobang, who was relieved of his job in 1987 for not quickly crushing student demonstrations. Hu's replacement as designated successor was Zhao, who now appears to have also fallen victim to Deng's displeasure...
...from a crucial vote when the party was paralyzed over how to act on the student protests. That demonstration of neutrality may have made him acceptable as a compromise leader to all sides. "He is a very shrewd man," says Ruan. "He was elevated to the Politburo by Hu Yaobang. But when Hu was ousted, Qiao acted against his former mentor and sided with Deng...
...pragmatist. But they have had one shared frustration: arranging an orderly succession. First Liu Shaoqi and then Lin Biao disappointed Mao; Hua Guofeng, his last designated successor, held power after the Chairman's death, from 1976 to 1978. In 1980 Deng put his approved team in place -- Hu Yaobang as party General Secretary and Zhao Ziyang as Premier. Seven years later, Hu was forced from power as a deviationist. Now Deng is purging Zhao and other liberals who were the true believers in his reform program. And this, for China, could be the tragic Act III of its great political...