Word: year
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Working in a similar field was a 68-year-old Swiss physiologist, Dr. Walter Rudolph Hess, director of Zurich University's Physiological Institute. A specialist in the circulatory and nervous systems, Dr. Hess studied the reaction of animals to electric shocks. By applying electrodes to parts of a cat's brain he was able to make the animal do what it would normally do if it saw a dog, i.e., hiss, etc. By experiments, Dr. Hess was able to determine how parts of the brain control organs of the body...
Wealthy, 75-year-old Dr. Moniz, whose hands are badly deformed by long exposure to radioactivity, is the first Portuguese ever to win a Nobel Prize...
When Rutgers University needed to save some money during the war winter of 1941-42, a budget official had a bright idea: Why not fire Selman Waksman, an obscure Ukrainian-born microbiologist who was getting $4,620 a year for "playing around with microbes in the soil?" That sort of fun & games, the moneyman pointed out, had never really paid...
Long Road. By 1915, when he graduated, Selman Waksman already had one toe on the threshold of a great discovery: he had found in the soil a microbe which he has since named Streptomyces griseus.* He had no reason to suspect that it was a life-saving drug. A year later he wrote his master's thesis on this and related microbes. He was on the road to streptomycin, but it would be almost 30 years before he reached the end of the road...
...This year (TIME, April 4), Dr. Waksman announced that he and an assistant, Hubert Lechevalier, had isolated another antibiotic from a soil microbe which Waksman named Streptomyces fradiae in honor of his mother. The drug, neomycin, is as effective as streptomycin against tubercle bacilli in the test tube, and Waksman hopes that it can be combined with streptomycin in treating tuberculosis...