Word: yenan
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Ensconced in the ancient caves of Yenan, dug into the loess foothills of the Liang Mountains, the Chinese Reds began to recoup their losses and regain their strength. Then, with the Japanese pressing south from Manchuria, the stage was set for a rapprochement between the Communists and the Nationalists. Now a division commander, Lin made his debut against the Japanese the high point of his military career: at dawn on Sept. 25, 1937, Lin's men ambushed the Japanese Itagaki Division in the shadow of the Great Wall. The defeat is still recalled with awe in the bars...
...Japanese factories when Lin and his 150,000 men arrived, but Lin sent cadres into the countryside with the order: "Take off your leather shoes, lay down your office bags, put on the clothes of the peasants, and eat kaoliang [the coarse sorghum of Manchuria]." The lessons of Yenan were being applied...
Much of the damage to China's position has been done by Mao's inflexibility. The puritanism and self-hypnosis that were born on the Long March and nurtured in the caves of Yenan have become an obsession. Aging and ailing, Mao now insists on seeing his philosophy through to final victory-or final defeat. Like all revolutions, China's has reached a point of critical decision. Should it forge ahead with fanatical zeal or yield to creeping conservatism? Just as the French Revolution attempted to rejuvenate itself through successive waves of terror and the Stalin period...
...apparently more influenced by one of his tutors, Chou Enlai. A colonel at 22 in the Kuomintang army, Lin defected to the Communists and later commanded the famed First Red Army group on the Long March to the shelter of Mao's redoubt in the remote caves of Yenan...
...been pushing a program to get the populace to eat an occasional "revolutionary meal" or "bitter-herb meal," made up of unhusked rice, wild-grown vegetables and leaves-the type of food that Mao and his fellow revolutionaries sometimes subsisted on during the Long March and the years in Yenan...