Word: yugoslav
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...against the same problem with the Swiss and British. There was a bright moment when he secured a visa from the Swedes -- but once Bosnia received Western recognition as an independent state, the Swedes were at a loss what to do with a Bosnian who has a Yugoslav passport. "It's a vacuum," he says. "No one knows how to treat...
...housing, jobs and welfare benefits. Germany has been particularly responsive, shelling out $51 million this year in refugee assistance and taking in 115,000 refugees -- almost twice as many as Hungary, which has the second largest influx. Germany's appeal owes much to its 800,000 guest workers of Yugoslav origin. "Practically everybody has a relative or a friend living in Germany," says Wolf Oschlies, a Yugoslav specialist at Cologne's Federal Institute for Eastern European and International Studies...
...bloodshed by his unyielding determination to see all Serbs united in one country carved from territory the communists left -- fairly or unfairly -- to other republics. He is the power behind Radovan Karadzic, the militant leader of Bosnia's Serbs, and he has effective command of the old Yugoslav army; he could cool their operations if he were so disposed. But, says a European Community diplomat who has dealt with Milosevic intensively, "nothing interests him but Serbian success, even if it means tens of thousands of dead and dispossessed...
...Yugoslav Albanians consider Kosovo their homeland, which is not unreasonable since they live there and outnumber the local Serbs 9 to 1. Most Serbs, however, regard Kosovo as holy ground, the cradle of their nationhood, because of 1389 and all that. It has never helped relations between the two communities that Albanians are predominantly Muslims, while Serbs in the region have tended to see themselves as descendants of Lazar, defending the eastern frontier of Christendom against the encroachments of Islam. During the 1980s, this classically Balkan imbroglio played a key part in the rise of Milosevic, who in turn...
...highly incendiary factor is Albania itself. A decade ago, at the time of the last serious uprising in Kosovo, Albania was a Stalinist dictatorship. Whatever their grievances against Belgrade, few Yugoslav Albanians believed they would fare better under Tirana. But now that Albania is beginning to emerge from communism to join the modern world, it will inevitably serve as a stronger magnet for the loyalties of Albanians in Serbia and a stimulus to their militancy...