Word: yugoslavs
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...providing Christians, Muslims, Druzes and others breathing space and give-and-take ethnoreligious integrity. But recently that harmony has ceased to exist. Yugoslavia too had gone a long way toward evolving into the Switzerland of the Balkans, until Germany, the Vatican and a naive U.S. decided to unravel the Yugoslav federation in the name of chauvinist 'self-determination' rights. (The Rev.) GREGORY C. WINGENBACH Louisville, Kentucky...
When the rags-to-riches U.S. immigrant returned to his Balkan homeland in July 1992 to be Prime Minister and challenge Slobodan Milosevic's power, some cynics saw it merely as a way to protect the Yugoslav interests of his company, ICN Pharmaceuticals. Panic may have been naive--he lost a fraud-wracked presidential election against Milosevic on Dec. 20, 1992, and was ousted as P.M. nine days later--but his idealism was genuine. Today Panic has "no interest in politics," he says, preferring to act as an informal economic adviser to the region. He also still runs...
...until its breakup. He was an intimate who shared in Milosevic's decision making until mid-1992. He tells TIME that the merciless siege of Vukovar, in which Croats claim some 2,000 of their kin perished, illustrates Milosevic's method. The President made a "general decision" to "free" Yugoslav army troops in barracks "blockaded" inside predominantly Croat cities. "No siege order was issued," says Jovic; Serb troops merely went to the aid of their confreres, only to be repulsed by "Croats who managed to maintain control over our barracks for a long time...
...crimes investigators agree Milosevic was always careful to establish plausible deniability. He was not officially commander in chief of the Yugoslav army: while some top officers personally owed him loyalty, they formally reported to a civilian panel. The real villainy, investigators say, was conducted through the Interior Ministry, home of the Serb secret police and Milosevic's inner circle of advisers. These were men who actually drew the plans for ethnic cleansing and transmitted orders to carry it out. They were spotted now and then in the war zone, under assumed names, disguised, talking to Bosnian Serb political and military...
...relief, he made his way back home through sporadic gunfire, and the Oprhals spent the next few days indoors, making and receiving telephone calls filled with worry and rumor. "Nobody knew what was going on," says Kruno. In fact, Bosnian Serb nationalists, backed by the Yugoslav army, were firing the first shots in their campaign to divide the newly independent Bosnia along ethnic lines. By April 6, Kruno continues, word went out that people should report to work, though friends called to warn of roadblocks manned by ominous-looking civilians with stockings over their faces. "But some people who took...