Word: yukawa
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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When the first atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima in 1945, no one was more appreciative of the scientific achievement involved than a shy, balding Japanese physicist named Hideki Yukawa. At the time, Yukawa was 200 miles away at Japan's University of Kyoto. Later, when he arrived in this country, courteous Scientist Yukawa quietly congratulated U.S. nuclear physicists on their scientific achievement...
Actually, as his U.S. colleagues were well aware, Scientist Yukawa was entitled to some congratulations himself. Ten years earlier, when he was a 28-year-old lecturer at Japan's Osaka University, Yukawa had taken the next step beyond the theory of nuclear fission with his brilliantly propounded theory of the meson. It had taken him more than a year simply to write out the mathematical formula through which he arrived at his conclusion: that a previously unknown type of particle was a clue to the force that held the nucleus of the atom together. Two years later...
Wrapped up in the persons of Max von Laue and Hideki Yukawa, some of the best German and Japanese physical ideas were on hand at the Institute last week. The two were the first German and Japanese physicists to visit the U.S. as free agents since the war's end. (Several years ago the Institute invited two Russian mathematicians, but one regretfully declined and the other neglected to R.S.V.P...