Word: zengakuren
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Against the 4,000 steel-helmeted cops guarding Tokyo's Diet building, Zengakuren threw in more than 14,000 students who charged with cries of "Kill Kishi," "Down with the treaty," "Ike, stay home." Pulling away a barricade of parked police trucks, 3,000 of them finally thrust their way into the Diet compound, beating off police counterattacks with volleys of stones and pointed sticks wielded like spears. Meanwhile, those who remained outside set fire to 17 police trucks by stuffing burning newspapers into their gas tanks...
...singing the Internationale in one of the indelible mob scenes of the cold war-did the cops get the order that no Japanese government has given its police since 1952 : use tear gas. Eagerly, Tokyo's much-misused police complied, then sallied forth and chased the half-blinded Zengakuren diehards away from the Diet area. By dawn, the city's hospitals had treated 600 police and 270 students, and for the first time since the anti-treaty demonstrations began five weeks ago, Zengakuren had a martyr-a 22-year-old coed trampled to death by her own comrades...
...bring Presidential Press Secretary James Hagerty into Tokyo by car instead of in the helicopter that stood ready at the international airport. MacArthur's explanation: As a test for Ike, "we had to find out just how far the mob would go." They found out when Zengakuren students mobbed MacArthur's limousine, tore off the American flag and forced Hagerty & Co. to retreat to the helicopter (TIME, June...
Nobuo Aruga, 22. one of the major leaders in the rotating top leadership of Zengakuren, the student federation claiming to represent half of Japan's 677,000 undergraduates. A fourth-year law student at Tokyo University, he is soft-voiced, polite and smiling, comes of a middle-class family. His father was an army colonel in Manchuria, spent three years as a Soviet prisoner of war, and has no sympathy with Nobuo's ideas. His mother loyally supports her son, but Nobuo says patronizingly, "Being a woman, she knows nothing about...
...much violence, he has urged the Japanese Communist Party to strive to be "lovable." In the anti-Kishi, antiAmerican agitation, the Communists have supplied money (cost of the riots: an estimated $1,400,000), direction and organizing ability, but have cannily let the Socialists, Sohyo and the Zengakuren crackpots take the vocal lead...