Word: zengakuren
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...huge Hibiya Park in search of a scheduled Zenga-kuren meeting. Suddenly he found himself surrounded by students in red horns and white robes. As it turned out, the weird assemblage was a Tokyo University Greek tragedy club earnestly rehearsing for an upcoming performance of Prometheus; the Zengakuren students, plotting a more contemporary tragedy, were in the next clearing. To separate the myth from the reality in last week's chain of events was the task of Campbell and other TIME staffers throughout the world. With President Eisenhower on his final scheduled trip in office was his TIME shadow...
FOREIGN RELATIONS (See Cover) The battle began at dusk under a driving rain. In four days Dwight Eisenhower was due to arrive in Tokyo, and, simultaneously, the revised U.S.-Japanese Security Treaty would pass its last legal hurdle in Japan. With unflagging fanaticism, Zengakuren, the tightly disciplined, Communist-led student federation, mobilized its forces for a supreme assault on the government of Japan's wispy Premier Nobusuke Kishi...
...kimono-clad women sedately clutching small U.S. and Japanese flags. Near by stood several thousand right-wing toughs of the Great Japan Patriotic Party waving huge Rising Sun banners and shouting nationalist slogans. But the majority of the crowd was made up of Sohyo labor unionists and Zengakuren students carrying signs that read HAGERTY GO TO THE HELL, WE DISLIKE IKE, IKE AND U-2 NOT TO JAPAN. The signs were in English, and clearly intended for U.S. photographers and, eventually, the U.S. public...
...Japanese people do not have much to do with Tokyo's trained mobs. The mobs' spearhead is the Zengakuren students' federation which claims to represent half of Japan's 677,000 undergraduates. Since the war, Zengakuren has been dominated by Communists. But after a particularly obstreperous show of May Day violence brought the wrath of the Japanese public down on their heads, the Reds lost their nerve and announced that in the future they would be "lovable." This concession outraged many Zengakuren hotheads who labeled the Communists "sissified," and voted into the top leadership a toughminded...
...Zengakuren's leadership has become extraordinarily efficient at organizing riots, equips picked agitators with whistles and megaphones to direct the mobs, pays them $1-1.50 a day for their efforts. Manpower is supplied by Sohyo, a combine of 22 left-wing unions with a total membership of 3,500,000, and the Socialist Party, which has a voting strength of 15 million...