Word: zeroed
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...engine now has the fierce beauty of power. Its massive rotor, the principal moving part, is spinning some 13,000 times per minute (though with only the faintest vibration). The fire raging in its heart would heat 1,000 five-room houses in zero weather (though much of the engine's exterior is cool). From the air intake in its snout, invisible hooks reach out; their suction will clasp a man who comes too close and break his body. The blast roaring out the tail will knock a man down at 150 ft. The reaction of the speeding...
...pushed forward by the reaction from the blast of air forced backward by the prop. When the plane is standing still on the ground with its propeller roaring, all the engine's effort is wasted on merely moving air. None goes into forward motion; the propulsive efficiency is zero. When the plane is in the air, the propulsive efficiency is high. Propellers are designed in such a way that when the plane is flying at full speed, the air blast from them washes backward at a mild 10 or 15 m.p.h. Comparatively little energy is wasted; most...
...north, army officers figure that for every degree the temperature drops below zero, a soldier's effectiveness goes down about 2%. Near 50 below, all his energy is used just to stay alive. But if the Western Hemisphere ever has to defend itself against an attack launched over the Pole, Western man must learn (as his enemy will presumably have learned) how to survive in Arctic weather, and still have energy left to fight. How to acquire that skill is the problem before the Joint U.S.Canadian Cold Weather Testing Station at Churchill...
Although Churchill is 550 miles south of the Arctic Circle, and its temperature rarely drops lower than 40° below zero F., it is an ideal spot for pitting men and machines against the cold. Located where the tree line meets Hudson Bay, it offers both timberland and tundra. And what it lacks in low temperatures is more than made up by its high winds...
...wind chill," Claxton had learned, as much as the cold, that gets men down in the north. On a scale worked out by Dr. Paul Siple (Eagle Scout of the Byrd 1928 expedition), flesh freezes at a wind chill of 1,400. This may be at 20 above zero, if there is a 20-mile wind, or 40 below with a one-mile wind. Last winter, survivors told Claxton, Churchill's wind chill was greater than 1,400 most of the time, and once...