Word: zinoviev
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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World Jewry has always kept an uneasy eye on Russia's erratic treatment of Jews. Some of the early leaders of Communism (Trotsky, Zinoviev, Kamenev, Litvinoff and Kaganovich) were Jews, but Stalin later made Jewish "cosmopolitanism" a dangerous charge. Russia competed with the U.S. to be the first to recognize the infant Israeli state in 1948-only to switch later to all-out support of the Arab quarrel against Israel. Today the 3,000,000 Jews who still live in Russia are warned to merge themselves completely in Soviet society (while still carrying documents designating them as Jews...
...sprawling but pitiful left-wing press, the author has assembled what is by far the best existing picture of early Labour-Communist relations. His account of the collapse of Labour's brief 1924 Government, weighed down by its recognition of the Soviets, the blown-up Campbell case, and the Zinoviev letter, is masterful. The amount of information Mr. Graubard can squeeze from the 1924 election statistics alone, in his attempt to prove that the Zinoviev letter was not the political disaster it has been held to be, is as amazing as his analysis is entertaining...
...Reds who doomed them by persuading Moscow that they needed no arms, "because every Thuringian worker already has a rifle behind his stove." When untrue rumors began to drift to Moscow in the '20s about the intelligentsia, which had assumed command of the German party, Zinoviev, the boss of the Comintern, went to the files, found that all the adverse reports had been signed by Comrade Ulbricht. When Moscow decided in 1925 that the German party must be atomized so that it would be utterly obedient to the Kremlin, it was Ulbricht, under the pseudonym Zelle (Cell), who proceeded...
...Secretariat. The first secretary: his old ally Joseph Stalin. In the Trotsky-Stalin feud Molotov stuck by Joe, helped him transform the dictatorship of the proletariat into the dictatorship of the secretariat. One by one, the Old Bolshevik revolutionaries went down before Stalin's wrath: Trotsky the warlord, Zinoviev, chief of the Communist International, Bukharin, Lenin's "closest disciple" and longtime editor of Pravda, Kamenev, ambassador to London and Rome, Tomsky, head of trade unions, Rykov, head of government. Their power went to Stalin, their jobs to his faithful...
Master of All. A year later Stalin, now master of all appointments, had Trotsky deposed as Commissar for War. Taking fright, Zinoviev and Kamenev sought to re-establish friendship with Trotsky, but the new boss was listening. In 1926 Stalin got from a party conference a sweeping condemnation of Trotskyites and Zinovievites alike. Trotsky and his erstwhile friends were through. A year later, Trotsky, Zinoviev and Kamenev were formally expelled from the party. Soon after that, Trotsky was forcibly removed from Moscow and sent to Alma Ata in Central Asia. He was expelled from Russia in January...