Word: ziyang
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Wearing a gray Mao jacket, Premier Zhao Ziyang delivered the keynote address last week at the opening session in Peking of the National People's Congress, China's nominal parliament. His theme was "socialist economic construction," a euphemism for the wide-ranging reforms instituted by Paramount Leader Deng Xiaoping that have decentralized economic planning and decision making. Zhao spoke of "gratifying major successes" over the past year in industry, housing and agriculture. Then, in a surprising admission before the 2,712 delegates, he acknowledged that there were problems...
...China with Socialist Characteristics, the 72-page booklet stressed productivity as the solution to China's ills. According to Deng, every worker must "find a thousand and one . ways to make the country prosperous," because "when our state is powerful, all will be well." A day later Premier Zhao Ziyang announced in a speech that the rigid wage system for government workers would be loosened to reflect individual merit. Combined with the government's plans for imminent price decontrol through the removal of state subsidies, these policies represented the most sweeping--and riskiest--steps yet in the piecemeal revolution Deng...
...socialism does not mean pauperism, for it aims at the elimination of poverty." But many politically "conservative" Chinese, who still believe that penury is a virtue, may feel that the new brand of socialism sounds suspiciously like capitalism. In the highest echelons, Deng has been supported by Premier Zhao Ziyang and General Secretary Hu Yaobang, but has evidently run into some stiff resistance over the pace of his program from the three other members of the influential Politburo Standing Committee: President Li Xiannian, former Planning Czar Chen Yu and Marshal Ye Jianying, a Communist leader for half a century...
...both sides came close to laying their cards on the table. The decisive session occurred during a four-day visit to Peking by British Foreign Secretary Sir Geoffrey Howe. After seven hours of bargaining with his opposite number, Foreign Minister Wu Xueqian, Howe spent 90 minutes with Premier Zhao Ziyang in the Purple Light Pavilion, where Emperors once gave audiences to "barbarians" bringing tribute. Finally, the Foreign Secretary went on to the Great Hall of the People and spent an additional 40 minutes with Deng Xiaoping, China's de facto leader, who has elevated the recovery of Hong Kong...
...fact, the arms talks were shadowed by a sudden impasse in negotiations to sell nuclear-power-plant technology to the Chinese, the most substantive accord of Reagan's trip. The President had relied on statements from Premier Zhao Ziyang that Peking would comply with U.S. nuclear nonproliferation policy. But reports suggesting that the Chinese had aided Pakistan's nuclear-weapons program led Reagan to seek further assurances. Zhang, said one U.S. official, "blew his top." Even so, Zhang took off on a two-week tour of America's arsenal that includes F-16 assembly lines in Fort...