Word: zuricher
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...Zurich's broad, winding streets were plastered last week with cryptic blue and white signs-a Swiss artist's stylized version of the Greek letter psi. The ψA sign had been adopted by the city as an emblem to guide 2,000 visiting psychiatrists from 58 nations to their scattered meeting places. Occasion: the Second International Congress for Psychiatry (the first was held in Paris in 1945). Since the theme was "the present status of our knowledge about the group of schizophrenias," Zurich was an appropriate meeting place, for it was here that the late Psychiatrist Paul...
Appropriately, the president and keynoter of the congress was Eugen Bleuler's son Manfred, 54, who 15 years ago took over his father's post as head of Zurich's famed University Psychiatric Clinic at Burgholzli. In his opening speech last week, Dr. Manfred Bleuler estimated that one in every hundred people in the world is afflicted with schizophrenia. Medicine's war against schizophrenia, Bleuler argued, is as urgent as the drives against infectious diseases or cancer, but until now it has woefully lacked public support, largely because psychiatrists themselves differ so strongly about its causes...
...this division between the physical and the psychological view that ran through most of the 700 papers read at the congress. Psychiatry's grand old man and Zurich's first citizen, Dr. Carl Gustav Jung, 82, was on hand to define the issue. Stooped but hale and quick-witted, Jung reiterated his longstanding position on the psychological side of the fence. His view: the emotional disturbance comes first and causes the chemical disturbances that accompany schizophrenia...
Although Pioneer Eugen Bleuler concluded half a century ago that schizophrenia is a worldwide disease, some psychiatrists continue to doubt it. Others contend that it is an essentially different disease among primitive peoples, especially African blacks. In Zurich last week (predominantly white) psychiatrists* got the benefit of research by psychiatrists of the black and yellow races. Their evidence suggested that 1) schizophrenia is most frequent where the tensions of Western technical civilization have caught up with primitive peoples; 2) when primitive people do suffer from schizophrenia, it-is essentially the same disease as in the West, though often colored...
...startling new treatment for schizophrenia marked by delusions of persecution (one of the most difficult forms of the disease) was reported to Zurich by Dr. D. Ewen Cameron, director of Montreal's Allan Memorial Institute. Key to the treatment: "complete depatterning" of the patient's mind through shock therapy and deep sleep. Unlike brainwashing, Psychiatrist Cameron's method does not seek to implant alien ideas in the mind, but rather to break the chain of schizophrenic reactions and leave the mind free to reorganize itself. Granting that the method is "a sharp tool," Cameron considers it justified...