Word: zweig
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Probing deeper into the secrets of the atom, Gell-Mann and Physicist George Zweig then independently conceived a trio of basic building blocks out of which all the other particles -and, indeed, all matter-could be constructed. With his usual literary flair, Gell-Mann named these imaginary particles "quarks" (from James Joyce's cryptic line in Finnegans Wake: "Three quarks for Muster Mark!"). Gell-Mann cautioned that quarks might not exist outside his equations, but an Australian researcher recently reported finding them among the debris of atmospheric atoms broken up by cosmic rays (TIME, Sept. 12). Even if quarks...
...particles. Besides the familiar neutrons, electrons and protons, they are now pondering dozens of new and strange bits of matter bearing such exotic names as lambdas, pions, kaons and sigmas. Five years ago, in an effort to bring order to this subatomic chaos, Physicists Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig, both now at Caltech, in dependently dreamed up strange elemental particles-out of which all the others could be constructed. Gell-Mann emphasized that the particles, which he whimsically dubbed quarks, were only theoretical tools, mathematical concoctions that probably did not really exist outside his equations. Yet other physicists took...
Died. Arnold Zweig, 81, master of German letters whose 82 novels and plays dealt mainly with the intrinsic evils of war and its impact on the human soul; after a long illness; in East Berlin. From his experiences as a German soldier in World War I, Zweig fashioned his most famous novel, The Case of Sergeant Grischa, an evocative, existential account of a soldier executed as an example to the Kaiser's troops. Expelled as a Jew by Hitler in 1933, Zweig spent 15 years in Palestine, where he wrote The Crowning of a King, a tale of intrigue...
...need for this key building block of the universe became so great that in 1962 Physicists Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig, working independently, devised and described hypothetical particles that would meet all of the necessary requirements. Gell-Mann insisted that his particle, which he called the quark,*was simply a theoretical tool useful in describing the nature of subatomic particles; it did not necessarily have to exist. But ever since, physicists have been searching in vain for a real quark. Now two British scientists, writing in Nature, have suggested that the search for the quark be conducted...
MARTHA AND MICHAEL ZWEIG Ann Arbor, Mich...